Publications

We have publications including journal articles, books and reports.
Books
Governing Urban Development in China: Critical Urban Studies
Fulong Wu and Fangzhu Zhang

Governing Urban Development in China: Critical Urban Studies investigates urban development and governance in China and introduces China perspectives to the understanding of governing urban development in the 21st century.

Building upon a rich and burgeoning literature on China, the book explains major changes in governance, offers a well synthesised account of state-centred governance, and provides in-depth discussions on urban governance, city and regional planning, financing and financialization, urban redevelopment, local economic development and innovation, and environmental governance. The book bridges theoretical concepts in critical urban studies and empirical research on China and thus depicts a fuller picture of changing and variegated urban governance in the contemporary world. The book theorizes Chinese urban governance from the ground up and derives a concept of state entrepreneurialism as a framework for narrating urban governance in China. Following this framework, each chapter begins with a brief introduction to key concepts in urban geography and then depicts the urban development process on the ground in China. Then, the chapters discuss these concepts and explanations because many are derived from a different context, often in Western economies. At the end of each chapter, the phenomenal urban changes are evaluated with their theoretical implications.

This book offers contextualised insights into critical geographical studies of urban governance and is the first essential complementary reading for both urban scholars and those exploring the geography of China. It will be of interest to students and researchers in Urban Geography, Urban Studies, Urban Planning, Sociology, Political Science and China Studies. The book can also be complementary reading in China Studies, especially in governance and politics.

Handbook on China’s Urban Environmental Governance
Fangzhu Zhang and Fulong Wu

Handbook on China’s Urban Environmental Governance addresses how Chinese cities govern environmental changes generated by fast economic growth and urbanisation. With in-depth case studies on governing waste management, climate change, and energy transition, it will illuminate the relationship between the state, market, and society in environmental governance.

This timely and comprehensive Handbook addresses how Chinese cities govern the environmental changes generated by fast economic growth and urbanisation. Outlining the relationship between the state, market, and society, this Handbook provides a systematic understanding of urban environmental governance in China.

Exploring the context of changing urban environmental policies in China, leading international scholars highlight the arts of governance and governmentality through experimentation and discourse. Chapters investigate the political ecologies of eco-cities and conservation, urban waste management, and governance and sustainability transitions, as well as focusing on low-carbon innovations and green buildings. With a territorial perspective grounded in Chinese cities, contributors interrogate changing and complex state–market–society dynamics in urbanisation and urban environmental governance.

With a thorough and systematic analysis of new environmental initiatives, practices, and impacts, this Handbook provides scholars, students, and policy researchers of environmental studies, politics, and East Asian studies with an exemplary selection of contemporary research on China’s urban environmental governance.

The book is free to download via UCL library (requiring UCL account logging in).

Creating Chinese Urbanism: Urban revolution and governance changes
Fulong Wu

Creating Chinese Urbanism describes the landscape of urbanisation in China, revealing the profound impacts of marketisation on Chinese society and the consequential governance changes at the grassroots level.

During the imperial and socialist periods, state and society were embedded. However, as China has been becoming urban, the territorial foundation of ‘earth-bound’ society has been dismantled. This metaphorically started an urban revolution, which has transformed the social order derived from the ‘state in society’. The state has thus become more visible in Chinese urban life.

Besides witnessing the breaking down of socially integrated neighbourhoods, Fulong Wu explains the urban roots of a rising state in China. Instead of governing through autonomous stakeholders, state-sponsored strategic intentions remain. In the urban realm, the desire for greater residential privacy does not foster collectivism. State-led rebuilding of residential communities has sped up the demise of traditionalism and given birth to a new China with greater urbanism and state-centred governance.

Taking the vantage point of concrete residential neighbourhoods, Creating Chinese Urbanism offers a cutting-edge analysis of how China is becoming urban and grounds the changing state governance in the process of urbanization. Its original and material interpretation of the changing role of the state in China makes it suitable reading for researchers and students in the fields of urban studies, geography, planning and the built environment.

Planning for Growth: Urban and Regional Planning in China
Fulong Wu

Planning for Growth: Urban and Regional Planning in China provides an overview of the changes in China’s planning system, policy, and practices using concrete examples and informative details in language that is accessible enough for the undergraduate but thoroughly grounded in a wealth of research and academic experience to support academics. It is the first accessible text on changing urban and regional planning in China under the process of transition from a centrally planned socialist economy to an emerging market in the world.

Journal: Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (TPUR)

Transactions in Planning and Urban Research is a platform for diverse new inquiries and dialogues on the urban and regional development and planning processes in China.

As a research field, ‘Urban China’ is growing rapidly and is one of the most active, dynamic, and well-connected. The research field is situated at the conjuncture of China Studies which comes from the tradition of area studies. It is oriented towards historical, cultural, and political contexts and Urban Studies which treats Chinese urbanisation as part of political, economic, environmental, and social-cultural changes of the (de-)globalising world. Whilst both research traditions have contributed greatly towards a better understanding of urban China, we felt that there is a need for a journal that can bridge the two and treat Chinese urbanisation in a holistic, reflexive, grounded way without being confined to historical and cultural specificities. As such, it is time to introduce a journal that pays particular attention to recent developments in China and their policy implications, while situating this research in comparative perspectives within wider urban processes.

Transactions in Planning and Urban Research will make an original contribution to academic and policy debate related to the phenomenal urban development of China. In addition to investigating historical and geographical processes of Chinese development, the journal explores urban China in the wider global context and seeks meaningful connection between interpretative analysis and planning policy development. The journal publishes peer-reviewed academic papers of around 8,000 words that affect Chinese urban and regional development. The journal will focus on recent developments in China, and their policy implications, while situating the research in comparative perspectives within wider processes as appropriate.

The managing editors are Prof. Fangzhu Zhang from UCL and Prof. Zhigang Li from Wuhan University, China

We welcome new submissions within the aim and scope of the journal.

Please click for more information for aim and scope, editorial board, submission guidlines, and publications.

Special issues
Transactions in Planning and Urban Research
Special issue: Women-led Research in Urban China Studies
Guest editors: Zhilin Liu, C. Cindy Fan & Fangzhu Zhang

While women scholars have made important contribution to the emerging scholarship of urban China research, this field also has seen increasing female representation among the new generations of urban scholars. This special issue aims to promote women’s scholarship on urban China studies. In this introduction, we provide an overview of the nine articles led by women researchers that are included in the special issue, discussing how these studies are linked and contribute to the wider debates in the urban literature on China and globally. We argue that, while women scholars not surprisingly bring a sensitivity to gender perspective into the study of Chinese cities, their research is by no means limited to gender and women’s experiences. As showcased in this collection, their scholarship covers a wide variety of urban issues in China, ranging across migration, informality, accessibility, social cohesion, sustainability and urban governance, while engaging in the academic and policy debates in the global urban literature.

The contributions to the special issue are as follows.

  • Liu, Z., Fan, C. C., & Zhang, F. 2024. Women-led research in urban China studies: Introduction to a special issue. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • He-Schaefer, Y., & Fan, C. C. 2024. Urban-urban split households in China: Gender, migration, and stay-behind women. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Tong, D., Shen, Y., Tian, C., & Wu, C. 2024. Tenure inequality, public facilities and housing prices: Evidence from Shenzhen, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Wang, X., Sun, J., Scott, I., & Sun, Z. 2024. Exploring gender-based spatio-temporal patterns of informal street vending: A case study in Fangshan District, Beijing, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Zhang, X., Wang, X., Li, Y., & Tang, Y. 2024. Gendered space-time constraints, daily activities, and social cohesion: Evidence from Fuzhou, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Liu, Z., Yang, L., & Wang, X. 2024. Neighbourhood social capital and political participation in neighbourhood governance: The case of Beijing, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Lin, S., Deng, H., Wang, Y., & Chen, S. 2024. Potential and realized access to healthcare services in Wuhan Metropolitan Area, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Liu, Q., & Iossifova, D. 2024. Socio-metabolic practices and heterogeneous sanitation infrastructures in urbanizing China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Zhang, M. 2024. Three waves of schooling marketization in urban China amid changing political economy since the 1990s. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
Transactions in Planning and Urban Research
Special issue: Metropolitan development and city-regional governance in China
Guest editors: Fangzhu Zhang, Fulong Wu & Weikai Wang
  • Zhang, F., Wu, F., & Wang, W. 2023. City-regional governance under state entrepreneurialism in China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Hu, G., Huang, J., Shi, J., & Chen, S. 2023. The formation of the Chinese territorial spatial planning system and international comparison. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Ramondetti, L. 2023. Plans and projects for the Central Plains of China: New forms of extended urbanisation in Zhengzhou metropolitan region. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Harrison, J., & Gu, H. 2023. Arguing with megaregions: Learning from China’s chéngshì qún. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Chen, W., Yuan, F., Sun, W., & Li, Y. 2023. Governing cities through regions: Evolution of regional plans for the Yangtze River Delta mega city-region. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Zhang, X., Zhou, Z, & Yang, Y. 2023. Stepwise transition of urban entrepreneurialism in cross-boundary statecraft: A qualitative study of an enclave industrial park in Zhejiang province, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Li, Y., & Jonas, A. E. G. 2023. Small cities and towns in global city-centred regionalism: Observations from Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Geng, Y., Jiang, W., & Wang, Z. 2023. Planning centrality, state-oriented growth, and the spatial evolution of development zones in urban China: The case of Wuhan’s Optics Valley. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Wang, W., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2023. Environmental city-regionalism in China: War against air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Yang, C., Ma, C. Y., Wang, J., & Zhou, Y. 2023. Cross-border ageing in China’s Greater Bay Area in the digital age: A comparative study of mobile application adoption by Hong Kong older migrants and local older adults in Shenzhen. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
Regional Studies
Special issue: Financialization of urban and regional development in China and beyond
Guest editors: Fulong Wu, Fenghua Pan & Jie Chen
  • Wu, F., Pan, F., & Chen, J. 2022. Financialization under state entrepreneurialism in China. Regional Studies (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2022. A multi-scalar view of urban financialization: urban development and local government bonds in China. Regional Studies (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2021. Changing roles of the state in the financialization of urban development through chengtou in China. Regional Studies (full-text)
  • Theurillat, T. 2021. Urban growth, from manufacturing to consumption and financialization: the case of China’s contemporary urban development. Regional studies (full-text)
  • Chen, J., Guo, X., & Zhong, S. 2022. The financialization of urban development and urban labour productivity: evidence from China. Regional Studies (full-text)
  • Jiang, Y., & Waley, P. 2021. Financialization of urban development in China: fantasy, fact or somewhere in between? Regional Studies (full-text)
Land Use Policy
Special Section on Financialised urban development: Chinese and (South-)East Asian observations
Guest editors: Fangzhu Zhang & Fulong Wu
  • Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2022. Financialised urban development: Chinese and (South-)East Asian observations. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2022. The development of local government financial vehicles in China: A case study of Jiaxing Chengtou. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Wu, F. 2022. Land financialisation and the financing of urban development in China. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Ye, Z., Zhang, F., Coffman, D., Xia, S., Wang, Z., & Zhu, Z. 2022. China’s urban construction investment bond: Contextualising a financial tool for local government. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Chen, J., & Wu, F. 2022. Housing and land financialization under the state ownership of land in China. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Chen, J., Wu, F., & Lu, T. 2022. The financialization of rental housing in China: A case study of the asset-light financing model of long-term apartment rental. Land use policy (full-text)
  • Luan, X., & Li, Z. 2022. Financialization in the making of the new Wuhan. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Su, X., & Qian, Z. 2022. Neoliberal financial governance and its transformation under real estate boom and bust: The case of Ordos City, China. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Shen, J. 2022. Universities as financing vehicles of (sub)urbanisation: the development of university towns in Shanghai. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Li, L., & Xiao, Y. 2022. Capital accumulation and urban land development in China: (Re)making Expo Park in Shanghai. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Chen, Y. 2022. Financialising urban redevelopment: Transforming Shanghai’s waterfront. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Aveline-Dubach, N. 2022. The financialization of rental housing in Tokyo. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Shatkin, G. 2022. Financial sector actors, the state, and the rescaling of Jakarta’s extended urban region. Land Use Policy (full-text)
Journal articles
2025
  • Feng, Y., Li, Z., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2025. Upscaled state entrepreneurialism: Centrally controlled state-owned enterprises in post-pandemic urban development. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2025. Waterfront regeneration as a political mission: Megaprojects under state entrepreneurialism. Journal of Urban Affairs (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2025. Power dynamics and spatiality in the financialisation of the city: financial intermediation in local government bonds in China. New Political Economy (full-text)
  • Wu, F., Deng, H., Feng, Y., Wang, W., Wang, Y., & Zhang, F. 2024. From entrepreneurial to managerial statecraft: New trends of urban governance transformation in post-pandemic China. Urban Studies (full-text)
  • Wang, Y., & Wu, F. 2025. Micro-regeneration and participatory governance: a local social governance experiment in China. Journal of Chinese Governance (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2025. Risks in the financialization of Chinese cities. Competition & Change (full-text)
  • Wang, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2025. STATE BUILDING IN CRISIS MANAGEMENT: Reflections on Statecraft from the Shanghai Lockdown. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research (full-text)
  • Wang, Y., Lu, T., Ouyang, C., & Wu, F. 2025. Mobilising the Entrepreneurial Self to Manage the Crisis: Community Group-Buying during the Shanghai Lockdown. Antipode (full-text)
2024
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. Turning land into assets: local government borrowing through land assetization in China. Urban Geography (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. Environmental statecraft and changing spatial politics: Erhai Lake protection in China. Political Geography (full-text)
  • Xu, M., Wu, F., & Li, Z. 2024. Unrealised aspiration: Migrants’ intergroup relations in China. Applied Geography (full-text)
  • Wu, F., Deng, H., Feng, Y., Wang, W., Wang, Y., & Zhang, F. 2024. Statecraft at the frontier of capitalism: A grounded view from China. Progress in Human Geography (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. New land reserve institution and changing entrepreneurial urban governance in China. Cities (full-text)
  • Zhu, K., Zhang, F., Wu, F., & Feng, Y. 2024. Governing innovation-driven development under state entrepreneurialism in China. Cities (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2024. Green state entrepreneurialism: Building the park city in Chengdu, China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Wang, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. Participatory micro-regeneration: governing urban redevelopment in Qinghe, Beijing. Urban Geography (full-text)
  • Wang, W., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. Assembling state power through rescaling: Inter-jurisdictional development in the Beijing-Tianjin Zhongguancun Tech Town. Political Geography (full-text)
  • Liu, Z., Fan, C. C., & Zhang, F. 2024. Women-led research in urban China studies: Introduction to a special issue. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Zou, J., Wu, F., Zhang, F., Xu, M., & Liu, S. 2024. The social integration of rural migrants in urban China: The effect of hometown land tenure. Population, Space and Place (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. A Geographical Approach to China’s Local Government Debt. The Professional Geographer (full-text)
  • Wang, W., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2024. Metropolitanization through making ‘new metropolitan plans’ in China. Habitat International (full-text)
2023
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2023. Building state centrality through state selective financialization: Reconfiguring the land reserve system in China. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space (full-text)
  • Deng, H. 2023. Positioning China’s state entrepreneurialism in structural coherence and multiple logics. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2023. State de-financialisation through incorporating local government bonds in the budgetary process in China. Journal of Economic Geography (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2023. The Political Economy of China’s Local Debt. The China Quarterly (full-text)
  • Li, Y., Chen, W., & Wu, F. 2023. Building Chinese city-regions under state entrepreneurialism. Territory, Politics, Governance (full-text)
  • Wu, F. 2023. Theorising urban development in China: ‘State entrepreneurialism’ from the ground up. Dialogues in Human Geography (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., Wu, F., & Wang, W. 2023. City-regional governance under state entrepreneurialism in China. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Lin, S., Wu, F., Wang, Y., & li, Z. 2023 Migrants’ perceived social integration in different housing tenures in urban China. Geoforum (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F.,  & Zhang, F. 2023. Adaptable state-controlled market actors: Underwriters and investors in the market of local government bonds in China. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space (full-text)
  • Xu, M., Wu, F., Moore, S., & Li, Z. 2023. Migrants’ willingness to contact local residents in China. Cities (full-text)
  • Wang, W., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2023. Environmental city-regionalism in China: War against air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. Transactions in Planning and Urban Research (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2023. Shanghai municipal investment corporation: Extending government power through financialization under state entrepreneurialism. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space (full-text)
  • Wang, M., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2023. “Micro-regeneration”: Toward small-scale, heritage-oriented, and participatory redevelopment in China. Journal of Urban Affairs (full-text)
  • Wu, F. 2023. The long shadow of the state: financializing the Chinese city. Urban Geography (full-text)
2022
  • Zhu, K., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2022. Creating a state strategic innovation space: the development of the Zhangjiang Science City in Shanghai. International Journal of Urban Sciences (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., Wu, F., & Lin, Y. 2022. The socio-ecological fix by multi-scalar states: The development of ‘Greenways of Paradise’ in Chengdu. Political Geography (full-text)
  • Wu, F., Pan, F., & Chen, J. 2022. Financialization under state entrepreneurialism in China. Regional Studies (full-text)
  • Li, Z., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2022. A multi-scalar view of urban financialization: urban development and local government bonds in China. Regional Studies (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2022. Financialised urban development: Chinese and (South-)East Asian observations. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2022. The development of local government financial vehicles in China: A case study of Jiaxing Chengtou. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Wu, F. 2022. Land financialisation and the financing of urban development in China. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Ye, Z., Zhang, F., Coffman, D., Xia, S., Wang, Z., & Zhu, Z. 2022. China’s urban construction investment bond: Contextualising a financial tool for local government. Land Use Policy (full-text)
  • Xu, M., Wu, F., & Li, Z. 2022. Understanding the intergroup relations of migrants in China. Population, Space and Place (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2022. Performing the ecological fix under state entrepreneurialism: A case study of Taihu New Town, China. Urban Studies (full-text)
  • Lu, T., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2022. The Sense of Community in Homeowner Association Neighborhoods in Urban China: A Study of Wenzhou. Housing Policy Debate (full-text)
  • Liu, S., Zhang, F., & Wu., F. 2022. Contrasting migrants’ sense of belonging to the city in selected peri-urban neighbourhoods in Beijing. Cities (full-text)
  • Wang, M., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2022. Governing urban redevelopment: A case study of Yongqingfang in Guangzhou, China. Cities (full-text)
  • Feng, Y., Wu, F., & Zhang, F. 2022. Changing roles of the state in the financialization of urban development through chengtou in China. Regional Studies (full-text)
2021
  • Wu, F., Zhang, F., & Liu, Y. 2021. Beyond Growth Machine Politics: Understanding State Politics and National Political Mandates in China’s Urban Redevelopment. Antipode (full-text)
  • Pan, F., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2021. State-led Financialization in China: The Case of the Government-guided Investment Fund. The China Quarterly (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., Chung, C. K. L., Lu, T., & Wu, F. 2021. The role of the local government in China’s urban sustainability transition: A case study of Wuxi’s solar development. Cities (full-text)
2020
  • Wu, F. 2020. The state acts through the market: ‘State entrepreneurialism’ beyond varieties of urban entrepreneurialism. Dialogues in Human Geography (full-text)
  • Wu, F. 2020. Scripting Indian and Chinese urban spatial transformation: Adding new narratives to gentrification and suburbanisation research. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space (full-text)
  • Wu, F. 2020. Adding new narratives to the urban imagination: An introduction to ‘New directions of urban studies in China’. Urban Studies. (full-text)
  • Castán Broto, V., Mah, D., Zhang, F., Huang, P., Lo, K. & Westman, L. . 2020. Spatiotemporal perspectives on urban energy transitions: a comparative study of three cities in China. Urban Transformations. (full-text)
  • Wu, F., Chen, J., Pan, F., Gallent, N., & Zhang, F. 2020. Assetization: The Chinese Path to Housing Financialization. Annals of the American Association of Geographers. (full-text)
  • Zhang, F., Chung, C.K.L., & Yin, Z. 2020. Green infrastructure for China’s new urbanisation: A case study of greenway development in Maanshan. Urban Studies. (full-text)
  • Lu, T., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2020. The variegated role of the state in different gated neighbourhoods in China. Urban Studies. (full-text)
  • Wang, Z., Zhang, F., & Wu, F. 2020. The contribution of intergroup neighbouring to community participation: Evidence from Shanghai. Urban Studies. (full-text)
Book chapters
2023
  • Zhang, F., Wu, F., & Liu, Y. 2023. China’s urban environmental governance. In Zhang, F., & Wu, F. (Eds). Handbook on China’s Urban Environmental GovernanceEdward Elgar Publishing (open access, full-text)
  • Yang, Y., McDowall, W., & Zhang, F. 2023. China’s environmental governance transition: a new paradigm for waste management. In Zhang, F., & Wu, F. (Eds). Handbook on China’s Urban Environmental GovernanceEdward Elgar Publishing (full-text)